Unit 3 - Expansion , Nationalism, and Sectionalism (1800-1865)
The Early Presidents and American society
George Washington was the first president and he served two times. This link goes to the website mountvernon.org and covers Ten Facts About Washington's Presidency. It is both brief and informative. The nation's first president saw the struggles of the position but perhaps his best speech comes with George Washington's Farewell Address which opens at this link. The foreign policy pitfalls he spoke abut were clearly seen with the handout that covers the events of the XYZ Affair and the famous cartoon of the XYZ Affair. John Adams is known for a series of acts that attempted to boost his Federalist control as President. The attached document is a summation of the Alien and Sedition Acts and the Naturalization Act, attempts to stop Anti-Federalist power and control for the Election of 1800.
A short biography of Thomas Jefferson illustrates the positive and negative of his presidency. One particular roadblock experienced by Jefferson was the Supreme Court. Why is Judicial Review so important? The Marbury v. Madison Supreme Court case is a crucial document to answer this question. The two terms of Jefferson helped build America and the three following links provide the answers to the questions: How do maps of the Louisiana Purchase show the nation's territorial expansion? What were the Land Ordinance Acts? and the National Road, what and where was it? The famous statement made by George Washington about staying away from foreign influences and alliances did not last long. The following handout covers the Neutrality under Jefferson and Madison which begins with Jefferson's second term in office and ends with the War of 1812.
The Early Presidents and American society
George Washington was the first president and he served two times. This link goes to the website mountvernon.org and covers Ten Facts About Washington's Presidency. It is both brief and informative. The nation's first president saw the struggles of the position but perhaps his best speech comes with George Washington's Farewell Address which opens at this link. The foreign policy pitfalls he spoke abut were clearly seen with the handout that covers the events of the XYZ Affair and the famous cartoon of the XYZ Affair. John Adams is known for a series of acts that attempted to boost his Federalist control as President. The attached document is a summation of the Alien and Sedition Acts and the Naturalization Act, attempts to stop Anti-Federalist power and control for the Election of 1800.
A short biography of Thomas Jefferson illustrates the positive and negative of his presidency. One particular roadblock experienced by Jefferson was the Supreme Court. Why is Judicial Review so important? The Marbury v. Madison Supreme Court case is a crucial document to answer this question. The two terms of Jefferson helped build America and the three following links provide the answers to the questions: How do maps of the Louisiana Purchase show the nation's territorial expansion? What were the Land Ordinance Acts? and the National Road, what and where was it? The famous statement made by George Washington about staying away from foreign influences and alliances did not last long. The following handout covers the Neutrality under Jefferson and Madison which begins with Jefferson's second term in office and ends with the War of 1812.
The War of 1812 handout was an attempt for the United States to strike out against the British during the times of Napoleon and to illustrate the conflicts I have included a map of the War of 1812.
The War of 1812 began a time that was known as the Era of Good Feelings and this short handout explains how American society changed.
Foreign policy became an issue in the early 1820's and this link is an insight into President James Monroe and his famous Monroe Doctrine. The important issue of the Missouri Compromise regarding the future of the United States can be within the map at this link as it now divided the nation and was one of the first issues leading up to the Civil War.
As the nation began to grow westward, a religious revival took place with the Second Great Awakening in America.
This section will include a presentation on the Mormons. The photographs used in this presentation were all taken by me in Salt Lake City during AP grading sessions. The last picture in the presentation also contains a link to the PBS timeline which details all of the events of Mormon history.
These social changes were accompanied with the need to gain more lands in the west and a movement to link the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans is seen with the following lesson that covers a period of American history known as Manifest Destiny.
The War of 1812 began a time that was known as the Era of Good Feelings and this short handout explains how American society changed.
Foreign policy became an issue in the early 1820's and this link is an insight into President James Monroe and his famous Monroe Doctrine. The important issue of the Missouri Compromise regarding the future of the United States can be within the map at this link as it now divided the nation and was one of the first issues leading up to the Civil War.
As the nation began to grow westward, a religious revival took place with the Second Great Awakening in America.
This section will include a presentation on the Mormons. The photographs used in this presentation were all taken by me in Salt Lake City during AP grading sessions. The last picture in the presentation also contains a link to the PBS timeline which details all of the events of Mormon history.
These social changes were accompanied with the need to gain more lands in the west and a movement to link the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans is seen with the following lesson that covers a period of American history known as Manifest Destiny.
America will become a socially and politically divided nation. This introduces the handout on Sectionalism and is validated with a map showing Sectionalism in America. In addition, Western Expansion of the United States is the subject of this lesson and it is accompanied by a Western Expansion map, Trails to the West.
During the westward expansions, the area we know today as Texas started to be settled but it was not without disputes. The lesson on the Texas War of Independence starts with the land claims of Moses and Stephen Austin, the disputes with Mexico resulting in the Battle of the Alamo and ends with the acceptance of Texas as the 28th state. However the disagreements would continue into the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) that in turn would result in an American victory and the Mexican Cession.
Finally, to complete this section, I have created a presentation that is an insight to American Art from 1820 to 1840.
During the westward expansions, the area we know today as Texas started to be settled but it was not without disputes. The lesson on the Texas War of Independence starts with the land claims of Moses and Stephen Austin, the disputes with Mexico resulting in the Battle of the Alamo and ends with the acceptance of Texas as the 28th state. However the disagreements would continue into the Mexican-American War (1846-1848) that in turn would result in an American victory and the Mexican Cession.
Finally, to complete this section, I have created a presentation that is an insight to American Art from 1820 to 1840.
Special Reading Assignment: Native Americans. This article was taken from the Bill of Rights Resource Library and covers a brief history of Native Americans and their treatment by American society. It is essential that this document is read and understood in its entirety. It provides excellent evidence and outside information for many essay questions.
The period of 1824 to 1840 is known as the Era of the Common Man and the Age of Jackson which saw a total change in American society. When President, Jackson's treatment of Native Americans is seen with the Supreme Court case of Worcester v. Georgia, the Indian Removal Act map, and the story of The Trail of Tears in pictures.
This link opens the famous King Andrew political cartoon.
It is also in this era of American history that a New Yorker become president. Who was Martin Van Buren and why was he important to American history? The answers are found in this handout on his life.
This link opens the famous King Andrew political cartoon.
It is also in this era of American history that a New Yorker become president. Who was Martin Van Buren and why was he important to American history? The answers are found in this handout on his life.
The Industrial Revolution arrives in America
A key handout for this section of the unit is called The Market Revolution. It describes how the Industrial Revolution spread from Europe into America and the changes that were seen within the nation because of these technological advancements.
New York State expanded rapidly with the building of the Erie Canal in the early 1800's. This presentation focuses on where the canal system ran and why it was so important to the economic and social development of the region.
A key handout for this section of the unit is called The Market Revolution. It describes how the Industrial Revolution spread from Europe into America and the changes that were seen within the nation because of these technological advancements.
New York State expanded rapidly with the building of the Erie Canal in the early 1800's. This presentation focuses on where the canal system ran and why it was so important to the economic and social development of the region.
Immigration Section - Continuity and Change over Time
The nation was founded and built by immigrants from one place or another. Those that came had their reasons, whether social, political, or religious. This section compares and contrasts the role of immigration towards building American society. The Immigration 1820 to 1950 handout and a Timeline for U.S. Immigration show who and where these people emigrated from to seek a better life. However, many were not seen as welcome. The Immigrant Restriction League, the Know Nothing Party pictures and the article the Gangs of New York, Fact or Fiction? tells of these stories. A tribute to the escapees of the Irish Potato Famine can be found in lower Manhattan. The Irish Cottage monument in New York is seen through my own pictures taken during a previous visit.
The New Colossus assignment and the Melting Pot theory tell of the cultural assimilation into American society. When thy arrived on the east cast they had to enter the first immigration center in New York called Castle Garden. It was then replaced by the new center built on Ellis Island and this handout describes what life was like going through this famous set of buildings in the harbor.
The nation was founded and built by immigrants from one place or another. Those that came had their reasons, whether social, political, or religious. This section compares and contrasts the role of immigration towards building American society. The Immigration 1820 to 1950 handout and a Timeline for U.S. Immigration show who and where these people emigrated from to seek a better life. However, many were not seen as welcome. The Immigrant Restriction League, the Know Nothing Party pictures and the article the Gangs of New York, Fact or Fiction? tells of these stories. A tribute to the escapees of the Irish Potato Famine can be found in lower Manhattan. The Irish Cottage monument in New York is seen through my own pictures taken during a previous visit.
The New Colossus assignment and the Melting Pot theory tell of the cultural assimilation into American society. When thy arrived on the east cast they had to enter the first immigration center in New York called Castle Garden. It was then replaced by the new center built on Ellis Island and this handout describes what life was like going through this famous set of buildings in the harbor.
The Antebellum Period
This is the term given to the period leading up to the Civil War. It was a tie of turmoil and political arguments, mostly over the issue of slavery. The nation's future was seen with the American System of Henry Clay but personal beliefs and conflicts would lead the nation towards another direction.
The Anti-Slavery Movement lesson and the Anti-Slavery Movement handout are critical documents to help understand the northern sentiments. In addition, the political actions created with the Proclamation of 1850 did not help the issue of slavery that divided American society. In addition, the Dred Scott Supreme Court Case was seen as a legal victory for the southern states and their power was expanded by the Fugitive Slave Act, giving rise to the famous poster on the warning to the Colored People of Boston. Not all of the new settlers in the west wanted to be involved in the issue of slavery and these people known as the Free-Soiler are depicted in this political cartoon.
The abolitionist movement was a major contributor to the Women's Rights Movement and this handout provided an overview of some of the people involved in 1848 at the Seneca Falls Convention. I recently visited Seneca Falls, New York and from my tour of the various museums I have created a short presentation on the Women's Rights Convention that also includes some of my photographs.
This is the term given to the period leading up to the Civil War. It was a tie of turmoil and political arguments, mostly over the issue of slavery. The nation's future was seen with the American System of Henry Clay but personal beliefs and conflicts would lead the nation towards another direction.
The Anti-Slavery Movement lesson and the Anti-Slavery Movement handout are critical documents to help understand the northern sentiments. In addition, the political actions created with the Proclamation of 1850 did not help the issue of slavery that divided American society. In addition, the Dred Scott Supreme Court Case was seen as a legal victory for the southern states and their power was expanded by the Fugitive Slave Act, giving rise to the famous poster on the warning to the Colored People of Boston. Not all of the new settlers in the west wanted to be involved in the issue of slavery and these people known as the Free-Soiler are depicted in this political cartoon.
The abolitionist movement was a major contributor to the Women's Rights Movement and this handout provided an overview of some of the people involved in 1848 at the Seneca Falls Convention. I recently visited Seneca Falls, New York and from my tour of the various museums I have created a short presentation on the Women's Rights Convention that also includes some of my photographs.
What was the Mason Dixon Line? It is best illustrated in the link of the Union and Confederacy boundary map. The Union in Peril document begins to tell the story of the events leading up to the Civil War. Posters showing Runaway Slaves, the Slave Revolts and Rebellions lesson and the Slavery and the Civil War handout further illustrate the struggles in the south.
A novel that fueled the abolitionist movement is highlighted in this extract from Uncle Tom's Cabin and another literacy response to the anti-slavery movement is seen in the lyrics for John Brown's Body, the abolitionist responsible for the raid on Harper's Ferry.
The Abraham Lincoln handout and the Election of 1860 lead up to the lesson on the Civil War. The first map that covers the Civil War is a map of the Union and Confederate states and the Boarder states involved in the conflict. The second map of the Civil War shows the major battles that were fought between the North and the South. The Emancipation Proclamation handout contains a version of the famous document and is accompanied by key questions at the end. The Gettysburg Address is another important document in American history. It was written as a result of the fierce battle in Pennsylvania during the Civil War. Naval warfare changed during the war with the emergence of iron-clad battleships and these developments are told with the Monitor v. Merrimac photos. Sherman's March ended the Civil War leaving a path of total destruction across the Confederate states resulting in their final surrender.
Special Assignment
A very interesting document (extracted from the original) is the speech by Frederick Douglass which has become known as What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? as it was given in 1852 yet is relevant to the events of both past and recent times. This link opens to the actual text. However, I recently came across an excellent video for this speech. Please watch this NPR created video below.
A very interesting document (extracted from the original) is the speech by Frederick Douglass which has become known as What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? as it was given in 1852 yet is relevant to the events of both past and recent times. This link opens to the actual text. However, I recently came across an excellent video for this speech. Please watch this NPR created video below.
Special Events Presentation
My college professor and mentor, Dr. Alan Singer at Hofstra University, created several years ago a Slavery Walking Tour of New York City. History and Education majors worked with local high school students in hosting the tour to other high school students. The Walking Tour is an incredible event and continues to flourish. David Edelman, a Hofstra alumni and teacher at Union Square Academy for Health Sciences High School in Manhattan had continued to have his students become tour guides. However, due to the pandemic, a new approach had to be taken. There is now a virtual Google Maps tour of lower Manhattan and this link goes to the map. Thank you Alan, David, and all of the students involved for allowing me to share. Slavery Walking Tour of New York City
Please spend some time looking at this presentation. Each location opens to a small text about the events that took place at the particular location. You will definitely learn something new about the history of New York!
My college professor and mentor, Dr. Alan Singer at Hofstra University, created several years ago a Slavery Walking Tour of New York City. History and Education majors worked with local high school students in hosting the tour to other high school students. The Walking Tour is an incredible event and continues to flourish. David Edelman, a Hofstra alumni and teacher at Union Square Academy for Health Sciences High School in Manhattan had continued to have his students become tour guides. However, due to the pandemic, a new approach had to be taken. There is now a virtual Google Maps tour of lower Manhattan and this link goes to the map. Thank you Alan, David, and all of the students involved for allowing me to share. Slavery Walking Tour of New York City
Please spend some time looking at this presentation. Each location opens to a small text about the events that took place at the particular location. You will definitely learn something new about the history of New York!
